Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an implantable neuromodulation therapy used for selected patients with chronic, difficult-to-manage neuropathic, trunk, or limb pain.
SCS delivers low-level electrical stimulation through leads placed in the epidural space. The goal is to modify pain signaling rather than structurally repair the painful area. A temporary trial is generally performed before a permanent implant so the patient and physician can assess whether the therapy provides meaningful benefit.
Candidacy depends on the diagnosis, prior treatment, examination, imaging when appropriate, medical history, and the expected risk-benefit profile.
Persistent neuropathic pain despite appropriate conservative treatment
Pain after spine surgery or other selected chronic trunk or limb pain syndromes
Painful diabetic neuropathy in appropriately selected patients
Ability to participate in a temporary stimulation trial and follow-up
Confirm the diagnosis and pain pattern
Complete required screening and optimization
Temporary SCS trial
Consider permanent implantation only after meaningful trial benefit
Potential risks include infection, bleeding, spinal headache, nerve injury, lead migration or fracture, device malfunction, uncomfortable stimulation, inadequate pain relief, and the need for revision or removal.
Results vary, and no procedure can guarantee pain relief or functional improvement.